Ultrafast, efficient, and reliable single-photon detectors are among the most sought-after components in photonics and quantum communication, which have not yet reached maturity for practical application. Physicist Dr. Wolfram Pernice of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), in cooperation with colleagues at Yale University, Boston University, and Moscow State Pedagogical University, achieved the decisive breakthrough by integrating single-photon detectors with nanophotonic chips.
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Block MEMS has been awarded a major, multi-million dollar contract funded by the Army's Joint Improvised Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO). Under the contract Block will adapt its LaserScan (TM) spectrometer to detect from a distance recently dug up soil, which on dirt roads is a possible indicator of a buried explosive hazard, also called an Improvised Explosive Device (IED).
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Chemical reactions occur so quickly that it is completely impossible to observe their progress or to control them using conventional methods. However, new developments in electrical engineering and quantum technology enable us to achieve a more exact understanding and improved control of the behaviour of atoms and molecules. At the TU Vienna, scientists have succeeded in influencing the splitting of large molecules with up to ten atoms using ultra-short laser pulses.
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Using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers have uncovered a previously unseen population of seven primitive galaxies that formed more than 13 billion years ago, when the universe was less than 4 percent of its present age. The deepest images to date from Hubble yield the first statistically robust sample of galaxies that tells how abundant they were close to the era when galaxies first formed.
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Scientists from the University of Tübingen, working with colleagues from Tel Aviv University and the University of Kiel have proposed [1] and experimentally demonstrated [2] a new type of superconducting element ¨C named the j - Josephson junction. Implemented in cryogenic devices, this element will make superconducting electronic circuits work practically "by themselves" and improve functionality.
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Astronomers using data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope have made the most accurate measurement of starlight in the universe and used it to establish the total amount of light from all of the stars that have ever shone, accomplishing a primary mission goal.
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An international research group led by scientists from the University of Bristol and the Universities of Glasgow (UK) and Sun Yat-sen and Fudan in China, have demonstrated integrated arrays of emitters of so call 'optical vortex beams' onto a silicon chip. The work is featured on the cover of the latest issue of Science magazine, published tomorrow [19 October 2012].
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A Japanese-Australian collaborative research team has broken down the standard limits for ultra-precise measurement by exploiting quantum light waves in a different way.
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Werner Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, one of the fundamentals of quantum mechanics, states that it is not possible to take measurements of anything without causing disturbance to it.
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Researchers from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) of the U.S. Department of Energy and the University of California (UC) Berkeley have for the first time directly observed distinctly quantum optical phenomena, namely amplification and squeezing, in an optomechanical system.
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